Philosophy of Nursing Science Associated with Hemodialysis and Cardiac Issues

Introduction The unexpected demise of a patient in the course of hemodialysis is an unusual happening. The occurrence of cardiac arrest in the course of dialysis is approximated to be seven people out of one-hundred thousand sessions of hemodialysis.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Philosophy of Nursing Science Associated with Hemodialysis and Cardiac Issues specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Out of the cases of cardiac arrests that emerge, about 13 per cent of them end up in deaths in the dialysis facility and 47 per cent pass away on their way to the hospital. The reason for death in most of these instances lies in cardiac arrhythmias, which is taken to be the main frequent cause (Booth, Pinney, Davenport, 2010). Cardiac arrest has as well occurred in the course of dialysis secondary to the unusual incidences of emboli, serious hemodialysis, and difficulties associated with improper dialysate handling. Pericardi al effusions are common in patients undergoing hemodialysis. However, they are normally associated with uremia or the utilization of minoxidil. The medical presentation handles the range from the establishment of resultant symptomless outburst on echocardiograph to cardiac tamponage with demise. The first instance of deadly hemopericardium emanating from holes in the vena cava was accounted in 1981. Perforations in either the vena cava or atrium dextrum in the course of hemodialysis as witnessed in 1981 is an unusual source of cardiac tamponage. This paper discusses the philosophy of nursing discipline associated with hemodialysis and cardiac issues. Area of interest Apparently, person-to-person or patient-centered care is related to the excellence of care. Significant research can make it possible for the nurses to learn and adapt patient-centered care. Research by Jablonski (2007) provides three important themes.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These themes are affiliation between the relations of patient with providers of medical care, organizations and their personal experience of disease and heath, the degree to which the organizations attempt to satisfy the requirements of patients, and integration of the views of the patients on the excellence of healthcare as offered by health care givers and devisers. In his article, Jablonski evaluated the theoretical as well as experiential studies, examined the dimensions of patients having hemodialysis and efforts of doctors and nurses with respect to cardiac issues and quality of health care (Jablonski, 2007). Research affirms that the relations between nurses and patients having hemodialysis are vital for successful use of patient-centered care. In accordance with these attempts, the area of interest for this paper investigates the practice of patient-centered care perception. After the investigation, an explanat ion of its relevance follows the various constructs for realizing patient-centered care. From around 1970, different health care groups, strategy makers, and research groups have approved and held the concept of patient-centered care. A number of studies define patient-centered care as the concern that reveres and acts in response to the needs of each patient while making sure that decisions by health care providers satisfy the ideals of patients. Patient-centered care could have significant advantages for patients via enhanced relations, suitable involvement, increased satisfaction, and quality of the health care (Booth, Pinney, Davenport, 2010). Research has revealed that the greatest hindrance to successful execution of patient-centered care is the uncertainty of its designation and major constituents. Patient-centered care entails individualized care of patients anchored in particular information of each patient instead of concentrating solely on the illness.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Philosophy of Nursing Science Associated with Hemodialysis and Cardiac Issues specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Individualized care generates an inclusive healthcare advance where the doctor attempts to view the sickness through the point of view of the patient, and is quick to respond to the requirements and inclinations of the patient. The perception of individualized care encompasses several subclasses like relations, admittance, and quality of health care (Booth, Pinney, Davenport, 2010). For minorities on hemodialysis and cardiac concerns, the execution of individualized care has as well brought about a reduction of period of stay, enhanced satisfaction of patients, and successful and excellent treatment that translates to reduced costs of health care. From the point of view of nurses, through first-rate individualized care, health institutions are capable of creating a mark that retains its c lients and gains reputation. Therefore, individualized care representation is progressively identified as significant for the assurance of excellent care (Booth, Pinney, Davenport, 2010). Even if many people consider that hospitals are set to satisfy the requirements of patients, there are significant chances to boost their individualized (person-to-person) care by offering medical care to each patient. In a bid to operationalize the individualized care efficiently, hospitals should aspire to assist the characteristics of individualized care via teaching, collective information, incorporated and group management, and easy availability of important information. This aspect stresses the requirement for critical adjustments in the health care structures by tackling or incorporating major issues like inequality in medical care, increased costs of health care, cardiac issues on patients having hemodialysis, and access to medical care.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Epistemological and ontological correspondence (worldviews) Studies affirm that fibrosis with no necroinflammatory substance at the point of perforation indicates chronic trauma instead of infection-associated erosion because of recent cause of illness. The symptoms of cardiac tamponage encompass the following Dyspnea Epigastric ache Muddiness Nausea Retrosternal ache Uneasiness (Jablonski, 2007, p.25). The majority of difficulties encountered by people undergoing hemodialysis are linked to their lack of abidance by the treatment prescriptions. Moreover, unsuitable consumption of foods and too much fluid by the patients could bring about undesirable effects that rarify their situations. For instance, they could encounter tremors due to failure to limit the intake of potassium. They could as well experience itching and bone aches due to unsuitable phosphate levels. In addition, too much intake of sodium and fluid could bring about undue weight increase. Intake of too much sodium co uld lead to oedema particularly near the ankles, hypertension, and problems with breathing (Jablonski, 2007). Additionally, excessive consumption of protein intensifies destruction of the kidney. Therefore, it is clear that abidance by the dietary and fluid limits will not just decrease the dangers of symptoms and health difficulties, but will as well better the quality of life of the patients. Different studies have examined the extent to which patents going through dialysis comply with the prescriptions. The results of the studies reveal substantial proof disclosing that excellent treatment with resulting kidney disease is directly associated with conformity, taking into account dietary restrictions, prescription given, and fluid limitation (Jablonski, 2007). Nevertheless, there are researches showing that these patients fail to adhere to the prescribed diet and fluid intake and given medicines. In essence, patients going through hemodialysis encounter disparate hardships in beari ng with their status and normally ignore the requirement for a remedial diet. This scenario persists until the bad effects of lack of compliance arise and turn out to be intolerable. When patients are accustomed to the effects of infringing dietary as well as fluid checks and when they deem the effects fatal, then there is a possibility that they will be extra mindful of their medical condition. Since self-regard is a learnt conduct, knowledge and teaching are precious practices that can help patients to deal with their intricate medical prescriptions. Nevertheless, when they are taught to comprehend the justification for their health prescriptions, as well as the causes and effects of their selections with regard to what they consume and drink, they are capable of coming up with wise judgments concerning whether or not to comply with the commendations. Therefore, it appears that lack of knowledge is the greatest aspect leading to non-adherence with the medical prescriptions (Booth, Pinney, Davenport, 2010). The prescriptions are particularly fluid and food limitations that consequently may cause worsening of the sickness. Incongruence The necessity of sufficient teaching and learning programs concerning medical prescriptions, specifically with a focus on fluid and food prescriptions for patients taking hemodialysis, has been under discourse in different nursing studies. Nevertheless, the incongruence involving different kinds of educational techniques and their efficiency on food and fluid adherence requires further evaluation. Oral education encompassing a person-to-person patient education in the company of a nephrology nurse is among the techniques employed for educating patients that undergo hemodialysis. Oral teaching via group education program is just as efficient as person-to-person education (Booth, Pinney, Davenport, 2010). Moreover, patients have declared that group teaching is very helpful in directing them for suitable self-care. Nonetheless, a number of researchers consider that patient teaching via oral teaching programs is normally concise and do not offer a sufficient information basis, while video teaching could have a number of merits and carry out a significant task in the education process. It is clear that the application of video creates a more consequential teaching substance. Through the pictorial illustration to patients on the way they should eat and drink and other knowledge applicable to self-care, it could be anticipated that patients can keep hold of this information in a better way. More to the incongruence, there is no research that has been conducted to examine the contribution of video teaching for patients that have chronic health situations particularly with regard to renal illnesses and resulting cardiac issues for those having hemodialysis. The majority of past assessments were for surgical pre-adjustment or teaching after surgery, rape, self-assessment or prevention of sexually transmitted disea ses. In this regard, it is crucial that future research study the effects of video teaching on food and fluid adherence in patients that have taken hemodialysis (Booth, Pinney, Davenport, 2010). Instances from studies Adjustable risk factors connected with cardiac arrest for patients having hemodialysis Sudden cardiac arrest denotes the most usual reason for death of patients taking hemodialysis. Although the patient is capable of being saved after the sudden cardiac arrest, there is very little possibility of lasting survival. Therefore, the major challenge in dealing with patients having end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and that need hemodialysis is the way to offer a life-sustaining health care while decreasing the risk experience for sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). The best advance to this difficulty is to identify the status of patients with severe chronic kidney illness and that are specifically susceptible to sudden cardiac arrest. Research affirms that merely a decrease of glom erular filtration rate adds onto the risk of sudden cardiac arrest. Nevertheless, it is clear that experience of hemodialysis as well increases the risk (Booth, Pinney, Davenport, 2010). Definitely, a greater chance of cardiac risk aspects like age, diabetes, and heart diseases amid patients having chronic kidney disease (CKD) is seen amid patients having chronic kidney disease; however, if these aspects predict sudden cardiac arrest during hemodialysis is not yet comprehensible. A section of the unfavorable effects of hemodialysis possibly emanates from non-physiological character of fast drink and electrolyte swings that arise in the course of a hemodialysis session (Green et al., 2011). In reality, epidemiological studies stress that the risk of sudden cardiac arrest is increased during hemodialysis and a noteworthy fraction of all instances of sudden cardiac arrest arise in the hemodialysis clinics. In spite of this proof, it is not clear as to whether the rise in the risk of s udden cardiac arrest is due to adjustable dialysis- explicit aspects or to the worsening of a cardiac issue. Acute cardiac issues in hemodialysis in cases of no previous cardiac sign Cardiac issues brought about by coronary artery disease signify a key reason behind death in patients having CKD taking hemodialysis. Jefferies et al. (2011) illustrated this model in their research by suggesting that coronary artery disease was higher in people having lasting sustenance hemodialysis, since coronary artery disease was evident in the majority of patients without previous signs of cardiac issues prior to start of hemodialysis. In fact, cardiac issues and deaths arise with a higher incidence in lasting sustenance hemodialysis (Jefferies et al., 2011). In different researches, long-term incidences of hemodialysis were not related to an augment in the risk of mortality rate cardiac issues. Additionally, acute myocardial infarction was highly probable to arise in a short instance after the st art of hemodialysis as compared to an extended instance of hemodialysis. The aforementioned outcomes propose that cardiac issues are highly developed and the possibility of death from cardiac issues is already high prior to having hemodialysis that could seem improbable in it to worsen cardiac issues (Jefferies et al., 2011). The aforementioned concern can be dealt with through the determination of the incidence rate of an early Major Adverse Cardiac Event (MACE). MACE is powerfully linked to coronary artery disease and the incidences of deaths because of cardiac issues in new patients having hemodialysis and lacking both cardiac signs and any proof of insufficient cardiac function in the course of chronic kidney disease. Since the screening for coronary artery disease is not normally conducted at the start of hemodialysis, the baseline for coronary artery disease and other aspects was evaluated between patients with and without subsequent cardiac issues happening after the start of hemodialysis. Philosophical insinuations Educational involvements through either oral or video teaching could have an influence on the food and fluid compliance of the patient. The significance of compliance is highlighted in studies, which affirm that the excellent medical treatments are of no value if a patient decides not to abide by the directions of the health care providers. Conventionally, there is no particular structure or principle for assessing adherence to the hemodialysis therapy as directed. Currently, adherence is described by different considerations like failure to attend a hemodialysis session, individualized care, and serum electrolytes. It has been found out that many adherence measures are likened to results of the acre to the patient. There are emphases that adherence measures must be quantifiable, confirmable, and perfect (Wanek et al., 2012). In essence, adherence measures must be significant for patients having hemodialysis and the cause of the disease must be isolated from other aspects and be associated with the significant outcomes. Consequently, fluid and food adherence is normally settled on by evaluating serum electrolytes among other factors. The results got from some research demonstrate that the majority of patients were acquiescent with regard to calcium, potassium, weight increase just to mention a few. The outcomes of compliance were significant since many patients are believed to have trouble in managing their sodium intake and salt being a key constituent of the majority of foods, thus suggesting little salt intake does not augur well with patients. The relationship between weight increase and activity shows that patients that spend their entire days while working as well as the ones carrying out part-time activities experienced hardships in managing their weight between hemodialysis sessions. This observation shows that employed patients find it hard to adhere to their nutritional prescriptions. The foods they often tak e contain high levels sodium thus causing them to feel thirsty and as a result take large volumes of fluids (Barnett et al., 2008). There are as well indications that education levels are related to the adherence of patients with the prescriptions. Nevertheless, some studies suggest that there is no correlation between education and adherence. As earlier stated, high levels of potassium intake could bring about instant and fatal consequences like cardiac arrest and high death rate. Therefore, patients should be more conscious and keen to control their intake of potassium. Contrary to potassium, high levels of phosphate can lead to severe consequences like bone illnesses with patients will realize these effects just after living with it for a long time (Barnett et al., 2008). Hence, patients have a tendency of believing that the effects are less noteworthy and less frightening. Even though it is reported that video teaching provides more benefits as compared to oral teaching, video t eaching does not offer adequate depiction to permit a superb conclusion with respect to calcium. Future studies In this paper, benefits of individualized care, the results of two education programs on food and fluid adherence in patients taking hemodialysis, and arising of cardiac issues have been discussed. In this study, the lasting consequences of oral teaching against video teaching on the results were not adequately discussed. In addition, the effect of patient counseling on their understanding was not examined, and this element should be discussed in future studies. Moreover, it should be discussed in details to highlight the association between understanding of information and other health results, in addition to various features of oral and video teaching and the excellence of hemodialysis care. Finally, quality of existence in patients that have undertaken hemodialysis and its relationship with teaching involvements is another key concern that future studies will need to ad dress (Albert, Buchsbaum, Li, 2007). Conclusion Effective treatment of patients with end-stage kidney disease necessitates the adherence of patients with intricate and fundamentally significant medical prescriptions. Research states that the relationship between nurses and patients taking hemodialysis are imperative for successful exploit of patient-centered care. The area of attention for this paper considers the practice of individualized care. After the examination, an elucidation of its application follows the diverse constructs for realizing individualized care. Enhancing the understanding of information of patients taking hemodialysis should be an essential section of treatment. It is fundamental that nurses highlight adherence with sodium intake to prevent the severe consequences like hypertension, weight increase, and oedema. Reference List Albert, N., Buchsbaum, R., Li, J. (2007). Randomized study of the effect of video education on heart failure healthcare utilization, s ymptoms, and self-care behaviors. Patient Education and Counseling, 69(1), 129–139. Barnett, T., Li Yoong, T., Pinikahana J., Si-Yen, T. (2008). Fluid compliance among patients having haemodialysis: can an educational program make a difference? Journal of Advanced Nursing, 61, 300–306. Booth, J., Pinney, J., Davenport, A. (2010). N-terminal proBNP—marker of cardiac dysfunction, fluid overload, or malnutrition in hemodialysis patients. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 5(6), 1026-1040. Green, D., Roberts, R., New, I., Kalra, A. (2011). Sudden cardiac death in hemodialysis patients: an in-depth review. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 57(6), 921-929. Jablonski, A. (2007). The multidimensional characteristics of symptoms reported by patients on hemodialysis. Nephrology Nursing Journal, 34(1), 22-29. Jefferies, H., Virk, B., Schiller, B., Moran, J., McIntyre, C. W. (2011). Frequent hemodialysis schedules are associated with reduced leve ls of dialysis-induced cardiac injury (myocardial stunning). Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 6(6), 1326-1332. Wanek, R., Horn, E., Elapavaluru, S., Baroody, C., Sokos, G. (2012). Safe use of hemodialysis for dabigatran removal before cardiac surgery. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 46(9), 21-25. This essay on Philosophy of Nursing Science Associated with Hemodialysis and Cardiac Issues was written and submitted by user Mat Moth to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

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Media Influence on Society (Smoking) Essays Media Influence on Society (Smoking) Essay Media Influence on Society (Smoking) Essay The mass media, some may argue that It Is for the common good, others say It Is all brainwash hyped up by publicity, who is the one at fault, or can they both be correct? Throughout the decades the media has grown exponentially with the advance of technology. It all started out with the telegraph, moved to the radio, newspapers, magazines, television and now the World Wide Web. Today people live in a social community, between testing, Faceable, Twitter, TV, Magazines, or newspapers, people are always being informed of what is going on. Oh a day to day axis, people base their decisions off of knowledge, experience, values, and attitudes. When people work, they base what they do off of what they have learned from their experience and studies. However in their daily lives, they rely on the mass media to fill them in with current news and what they want to be aware of. People put their trust into todays media, but the media does have a positive and negative affect on the way people are channeling the Information being dealt. A way that the mass media Is positive has to be looked at from a technologies way of view. Technology helps reduce the distance for its users; the world would Just me to be smaller due to the increased communication and access information. Staying connected also helps people stay In tuned with that Is going on In the world. Getting news feed sent directly to smartness, laptops, and Pads Is Just an everyday occurrence. Cinema, radio, television, magazines are a school of inattention: people look without seeing, listen in without hearing (Robert Browser). Even Browser would have to agree that people do not even realize that they are being flooded by the mass media. The mass media makes billions on the commercials, ads, and publicity that people are exposed to. People buy what they might think is a good item based on what they see or hear TV, the radio, magazine, or newspaper ads. How can people be so sure that what they are buying Is the best available Item, or Is It the best available Item that the media dons upon them? These are the effect that the media has on teens, they buy what they see the hottest celebrities wearing, or what their favorite actor or singer is selling. Apparently there are some positive and negative influences on teens. In a negative type of way, teens may see the commercials for cigarettes, cigars, and alcohol as being cool and acceptable. This might give them an excuse to give drugs a try and might even leave a permanent habit that they can carry onto their children. Besides the obvious fact of tobacco and alcoholic products being a negative Influence on teens, fast food chains are also polluting the minds of the young, developing teens. McDonalds showing their annual commercial for the Micro, or Taco Bell advertising their value menu will call out to kids seeing that these foods are cheap and delicious but not knowing that they are filled with saturated fats, trans fats, and high sodium content may lead to obesity, high blood pressure, high holster, or diabetes If eaten excessively. Joe Kelly from PBS says, Theyre talking to pre-pubescent girls about managing their calorie intake!! With Campbell soup, of all things an All-American family company. This is crazy! I saw the ad on the Rosier ODonnell snow. Overall AT our memoirs saw It Ana sent me e-mails saying, Have you seen this ad, its crazy (Kelly). Along with obesity, society puts this image in teens heads on how they should look, having bulging biceps and a cut 6-pack maybe the ideal body for guys but it may not work out for all males, and achieving that type of body takes a lot or training and dedication. Being stick thin as a girl may also be as unhealthy or ma ybe even unhealthier than obesity. Anorexia is also a chance when young girls are starving themselves trying to fit into a 00, and looking like a Victorians Secret model. On the other hand the media does have a positive effect on teens. Some might think that the media has negative influences on society, there are certain shows and ads that persuade teens to be a better them. Today we are beginning to notice that the new media are not Just mechanical gimmicks for creating worlds of illusion, but new languages with new and unique powers of expression Marshall Mclean). When Mclean says this, he is acknowledging that the media has an influence in society by changing society for the greater good and potentially evolving humans to be smarter. When it comes to shows like The Biggest Loser or Extreme Home Makeover, they provide a great influence on kids to get out there and make a change, whether it is losing some excess weight to get down to a healthy more comfortable size that they are not so self-conscious about, or doing some volunteer work in their community to change someone elses life in a positive way. Also teens are at a stage in their life where they do not quite know who they are and area looking for a sign of acceptance. They want to be accepted by their parents, role models, peers, and they Just want to be loved and successful. The media creates this ideal image that teens want to match, kids see fancy cars, nice houses, and extravagant parties and the only thing on their mind is, l want to be Just like them, or l wish I had that kind of money. In a way, the media pushes kids to achieve success, by getting a better education and really trying in school to be that lawyer, or hat film director, or that brain surgeon. In my opinion, even though the media has positive influences on our society it is masked by the mass majority of negativity. Some young minds are intellectual enough to see around the publicity and propaganda, but to others that are brainwashed, it may be hard to see what is real and what the media wants to be seen as real. When William Branch said, All of us who professionally use the mass media are the shapers of society. We can vulgarize that society. We can brutalize it. Or we can help lift it onto a higher level (William Branch). He is stating that people can either take the media for being good or bad, and how people interpret that and use it in their everyday life is all on them. When it comes down to reality shows like Laguna Beach, Gossip Girls, or The Hills; the mass media puts off teenage life as being this rich and spoiled but when in reality, these kids are Just one in a million that have overly wealthy parents. These shows teach kids the value of quality over quantity, but not in any kind of realistic way. When kids watch these shows, they want what all the kids have on TV, they want the $140 pair of Arabian sunglasses, rather than the $6. 99 pair they can pick at Target across the street. Another value that kids are learning from the media is violence. The effects of violence in the media can be traumatic for growing children that are in the process of shaping their personality traits, values, and beliefs. In the past years, there have been incidents of school shootings and playground violence and those events have Eden lanker to excessive use AT violent peeve games Ana grapnel war Images. I neuron video games like Call of Duty, kids are thinking that war is a form of entertainment, UT in reality war is a serious issue that should not be taken lightly. Over all, whether some may think that the mass media may either be a good thing or bad influence, the public can come to a mutual agreement that the world would not be the same without the mass media. People use the media on a daily basis, keeping in tune to what is going on is important, whether it is something less important like what Lad Gaga wore to the Grammas, to the latest earthquake that struck California. Malcolm X once said, The medias the most powerful entity on earth. They have the power to make the innocent guilty and to make the guilty innocent, and thats power. Because they control the minds of the masses (Malcolm X). Even though the mass media is linked to spreading hyped up fake news like a wildfire, but on the safe side, it helps a lot to inform people about the realities as well. Media has a constructive role to play for the society. The media focuses on social issues in almost every era. Issues in society are always raised in order to provide Justice to the people. Being born and raised in LA and having an older sister that I was pretty much attached to the hip at, I felt like I was always into self-image and always wanting the est. of the best things. I was spoiled as a kid and into my preteen age by my sister, she always seemed to buy me brand named clothing when honestly, I Just wanted something comfortable. I think the psychology term of Nature vs.. Nurture really came into play here. The whole idea of Nature vs.. Nurture is that we are all born with a set personality, this is who we are and this will never really change, that is our nature side. Our nurture side is how we were raised, the different things that our parents tell us to do or not to do mold our nature side and ultimately makes us who we are today. I think my nature was really about sports and I was nurtured into fashion and other material goods. I feel like the media has had an exponential influence on my sister, who was my role model growing up, and that really made me who I am today. Like I said before, I am no better than anyone else, I look up to the media for guidance because I feel like I would be lost without it, but I think it is good that I can admit up to that and can see clearly how the mass media influences me. The wrong is the fact that society today believes that whatever is in the media is socially acceptable to the common populous. When these beliefs revolve around bad influential things then children grow up believing that these are all acceptable and just the way the world really is. It is harmful for the future of our societies and also spread ignorance around the world. We have to realize that although sex, pain and suffering makes for a good story, it should be taken as it is, very bad, and not be glorified in any way. There should be limitations to freedom of speech as some things people can get away with are utterly disgusting. Look at Camel cigarettes, the image here is their Marci Grass Limited Edition flavored packs.

Camus and Walker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Camus and Walker - Essay Example Philosophers have exhibited efforts towards defining the critical subject of finding meaning in life. Whereas some philosophers highlight that life presents absurdity and meaninglessness, others have been highlighting aspects that present meaning to life. Camus presented his description of the absurdity in life and how this cause suicide. On the hand, Walker sought to describe how religion was critical in presenting life with meaning. This paper will summarize the views of these philosophers and reflect on them. Summary of Camus Article on Absurdity. Albert Camus was a philosopher who sought to explain the absurdity that is evident in life. According to him, life is an irrational experience that presents no meaning at all. After highlighting his conviction on the absurdity of life, he embarked on addressing the most critical question ‘why not commit suicide?’ He then embarked on presenting the issue of absurdity and suicide. According to him, answering this question required an individual to choose distinctly whether it was a worthy venture to stay alive (Pojman, and Lewis 547). He also highlighted that the majority of the approaches to the suicide issue have considered it a social phenomena. In his view, the decision to commit suicide emanated from the heart, although the person remained unaware of the surging problem. In such ignorance of the issue, the undermining effect that surrounded thinking about a certain issue overwhelms the undermined person culminating in suicide. According to him, suicide translated to a confession by a person that there was no valid reason for facing life. People who committed suicide often indulged in undermining thought that gave them the conviction that life lacked meaning. In elaboration, choosing a voluntary death meant that the person had deciphered the ridicule inherent in the habit used to validate the existence (Pojman, and Lewis 548). Usually, a person resulted to committing suicide if there was evidence of the uselessness accompanied by suffering. In such a state, the person only experiences agitation resulting from the habits defining existence, and such agitation often becomes overwhelming. The absurdity of life is the sole cause of suicide according to Camus. Sometimes, a person seeking adjectives of describing the world only find negative ones, and this has become a familiar occurrence. Such a world presents deprivation of illusions and lights that serve to make people have a sense of belonging. The deprivation results in alienation of human from th e world they live in. Apparently, as Camus explained, the alienation then triggers a separation of a person from life causing absurdity. This pattern is evident in people who contemplate suicide. Camus sought to elaborate the exact point where by absurdity caused suicide. For many people, collapsing of the stage that they base their lives on brings about weariness. This kind of weariness has the potential of triggering consciousness that causes the person to question why things happen. Such consciousness serves to highlight a high level of indifference in the future persuading the person to concentrate on the quantity of life rather than quality. He defined meaning in life as having a focus on the quality of life. Moreover, Camus also developed his argument on how presented the potential of teaching people. He then highlighted that life presented the same number of experiences for people of the same age, but the individual perception of the opportunities determined whether life pres ented meaning or absurdity. For those perceiving meaning, they concentrated on quality scales, while lucidity caused these scales to fade. Camus then proceeded to present a myth that served as an analogy to the absurdity in life. He used the myth of Sisyphus to illustrate the meaningless ventures of life (Pojman, and Lewis 550). Sisyphus had received a mandate from the gods to push a certain stone up a mountain, and watch it roll down, compelling him to repeat the

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Cultural Diversity in the Workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cultural Diversity in the Workplace - Essay Example Issues of diversity have gained prominence and they have been forecast to become very important in the future; this is because of the increase in diversity in different demographics across many countries. Many organizations have realized the importance diversity, they are considering different options that will make such workplaces to be all-inclusive, and this is because diversity can bring positive results in terms of productivity and competition. Effective management of people encompass implies proper management of diversity and correct valuation of the same. Understanding the concept of diversity People in a group can choose to identify and categorize themselves using factors, which seem similar or different to them, and thus the term diversity becomes a very subjective intonation. Mazur (2010) defines diversity to be those features, which differentiate one category of people from another, and these features are based on two different dimensions, which are identified as either pr imary or secondary. Primary dimensions of diversity implies those that people identify with and include primal influences such as disability, gender, race, sexual orientation, age or ethnicity. These primal influences have been found to have a lot of influence on the different categories in not only the workplace but to the whole society. Secondary dimensions on the other hand, are not very discernible and the influence they exert in the workplace is variable, and only relevant to the extent of personal identity. They may include such factors such as family status, educational background, geographic location, work experience, role in the organization, style of work, religion, income, style of communication and first language (Mazur, 2010). The latter dimension has been found to have a lot of impact in an individual’s self-esteem and personal definition and realization. The concept of diversity is not limited to these examples above; it manifests itself differently to a given environment. Arredondo (2004) includes language, culture and social class to the first dimension, the primary dimension while he adds healthcare beliefs and leisure benefits to the secondary proportions. Other writers have further added the third category of dimension to the first two dimensions, the tertiary dimension (Bolton, 2007). This has frequently been identified as the central feature of an individual’s identity and it is at the base of the surface. It is the most important, because if it is uncovered it can propel both the individual and the organizations to higher echelons. Understanding cultural diversity in the workplace Cultural diversity in the workplace is the situation where people with diverse behaviors and worldviews come as one in the workplace. The depiction of people, in one social system who are a distinct group with diverse associations of cultural importance aptly summarizes the definition of cultural diversity. Empirical studies and analysis on cultur al diversity in the workplaces with emphasis on the value of such diversity have revealed that effectiveness is always realized. Consequently, empirical studies that have focused their research on such issues as social identity and other self-categorization concepts have revealed that

Renault and Nissan Change Management

Renault and Nissan Change Management Renault and Nissan were merged on 27 March 1999; The Renault-Nissan Alliance is the first of its kind involving Japanese and a French company. Renault was identified for modern design and Nissan for the excellence of its engineering. The two companies had just decided to a most important strategic alliance in which Renault would take for granted $5.4 billion of Nissans Debt in return for a 36.6% equity sthare in the Japanese company. Before the alliance it was concluded that the combined company would be the worlds largest carmaker. Many changes implemented in the company which are described in this assignment. In short they focused on vintages, increased the packages of the employees according to their performances. The leaders were explained their responsibilities and the top performers were given tricky work. The customers only want the performance of the employees and good quality of products. Now the status of Renault-Nissan alliance is that it is a 3rd largest company in the global market. Cross functional teamwork has been central to the Nissan turnaround. Cross functional team refers to group of people with different functional specialties or skills, responsible for carrying out all phrases of a program or project from start to end. Nissan has very good cross functional team. They work in different areas and they are doing a fan ominous job in an organization. Therefore the result is much better and accurate and as a result Nissan has a very good reputation and opportunity in the global market. Introduction Nissan automobile company founded Yokohama city Japan since 1933. Company production and service network is around 160 countries in all of word. Company worldwide head office is Japan. President of Nissan motor co. ltd is Mr. Carlos Ghosn. Nissan have very good and best engineer and technology team so Nissan is best of diesel engine technology. (Carlos, 2009) Renault is an international motor company based in France. Renault was founded by Louis Renault and his brothers Marcel and Femand in 1899. Company worldwide head office is Boulogne-Billancourt France.. Renault is most popular on stylish and design based model. Renault is known worldwide our look. (Louis, Schweitze, 2007) Renault-Nissan Alliances Nissan and Renault were merged Tokyo on 27 March 1999. Louis Schweitzer, CEO of Nissan Motor Co., both announce today a worldwide partnership contract that would create the fourth largest automaker in the world, while achieve money-making growth for both partners. Renault Nissan has made a modern business model that has formed large value for both companies. Renault is investing us $ 5.4 billion in Nissan by taking a 36.8% equity share in Nissan motor company. (Carlos, 2002) Literature review of Leadership and Change Management Nissan Renault alliances is following transformation leadership change management theory, because Nissan Renault got good effects so that they applied this theory. Transformation leadership theory This theory is all about leadership that make encouraging change in the followers or employers. They take care of every one interests and task in the interests of the group as an entire. Leaders task is consciousness-raising on a big planning. The leaders basic and primary act is to persuade people to be aware or mindful of what they feel to feel their right requirements so strongly, to classify their values so significantly. This leadership style, the leader enhances the inspiration, ethical and performance of his follower group. This leadership is all about principles and importance, and a purpose that transcends short-term goals and focuses on top order requirements. Transformational leadership can be applied in this case change management situation and context is ideally suitable to the holistic and broad view perspective of a programme based approach to change management and it can be a key element of successful planning for managing change. The companies had started making the combined engine and the whole staffs were transformed. (Stephen, 2008) Change management Change management is a structured approach to transitioning individuals, teams, and organization from a current and a desired future state. Organizational process aimed at empowering employees to accept and embrace changes in their current business environment. In project, change management refers to a project management process where changes to a project are formally introduced and approved. Benefits of change management Change management takes the precious time of your organization most precarious employees. Process of change management is worth the trouble. Change management helps to lower risks add with change, eliminate resource conflicts and repetition, and learn from successes and mistakes of the past. Change management can offer an inside means to achieve the near-universal goals of advanced internal teamwork and external end-user satisfaction. (Geoff, 2007) Kurt Lewin Change Management Model Kurt Lewin model have a three step theory of change generally referred to as unfreeze, change, freeze. It is possible to obtain this stage to fairly difficult levels but I dont consider this is essential to be capable to work with the theory. A group has transformed since the theory was presented in 1947, but the model is very relevant. Any other change models are based on this model. This model is dividing three stages. Unfreezing Unfreezing step/ period is possibly single of the more significant stage to know in the humanity of change we live in at present. This step is about reaching ready to change. It involves reaching to a point of considerate that change is essential, and needed. This starting/initial stage is about prepare others, before the transform Deadline comes various type of reward or punishment connected to the work. If theres no time limit, then change is lower than the required to change. Theres a lot of minor inspiration to make a transform and get on with it. Unfreezing and reaching enthused for the change is all about consider up the profit and loss and deciding if the profit outnumber the losses before you take any action. Force Field examination is a modern way of saying that there are a lot of dissimilar factors (forces) for and next to making change that we require to be conscious of (analysis). The factors of change be more important than the factors aganist change we will create change Unfreezing step involve moving ourselves, or a department, or In business need to motivation for change analysis Kurt Lewin Force Field is a helpful way to understand this procedure. Change or transition Kurt Lewin was conscious that change is not an occasion, but quite a procedure. He calls that procedure a change. Change is the internal progress. This middle phase make the changes that are essential. This step is frequently the hardest as people are uncertain or still afraid. transform is not an trouble-free time as people are discover concerning the changes and require to be given time to know and work with them. Support is really significant here and can be in the form of training, coaching, and expect mistake as part of transformation process Freezing This process is while a group of people move to it as refreezing. This step is about establishing immovability once the changes have been completed the changes are usual and become the new standard. Its repeatedly at this point that people express amusement and tell me that almost there is never time for this this step. And it now this thats drained criticism to this model. We should think about this last step as being more flexible. Todays speed of transform this is a sensible criticism. Reinforcing the change and ensure that the required change is acknowledged and continue into the future. And it also relates in Renault Nissan alliances because according to this theory there first step to make plans like: How to change the behaviour of the employee. How to increase their energy level. How they come out their work-stress How they maintain themselves. i.e. called Unfreezing, then it take action steps for getting success in the plan i.e. called Changing, then the results come whatever changes have been done in behaviour of the employee and their energy level i.e. called Refreezing. So in this way we can say that this theory has also applied in this change management in Sony Pictures. (kottler, 2009) Consequences of change In 1999, Nissan was in need of Renaults cash to reduce its debt and Renault wants North America market share which was essential for Renault to expand in its global market. Nissan had more financial lose so he want more cash because he wanted to come out of debt. Success of this alliances depended on turning a Nissan got benefit more again. Nissan earn more than any other company in comparison. Nissan have debt problem in 1999 11.2 billion $ so this reason Nissan was agreed to the alliance. Nissan needs investments by any company in its aging product line. Nissan had $4 billion and above invested in different companies. But Nissan had a more and more financial lose Renault paid all off Nissans debt. in return process Nissan give Renault 36.6% equity share in our company. Hence nearly 15000 employees had to leave their jobs because of utilization. (Carlos, 2002) Change agent and Resistance Change agent Change agent human ability or company body of things to gating a higher degree of outcome. Beginning with the end in mind, the goal of a change agent is really to make changes. Result of change agent work is to enable people to do more, or search a new and good perspective on life. Carlos Ghosn was change agent Nissan Renault alliances; he was playing our role very wall. This processes in which he acted as. Carlos Ghosn organized nine cross functional team for tacking Nissan problems. Teams were the key to his success in revitalizing Nissan. Ghosn explained to employees at all levels of the company that they themselves possessed solutions to Nissans problems. According to Ghosn, it was neither top-down nor bottom-up. It was the way of both top-down and He was the one who was before all the changes taking place in the organization. (Carlos, 2002) Change resistance There should act more transparent and groups when last change attempted for their progress. Key words here are perceived and threat. The threat require not be actual or big for resistance to happen. In its common warning it refers to change within company, while it also is found in another place in other forms. Resistance is the equal of objections in sales and divergence in common negotiations. Resistance can receive many forms, include actively or passively, open or hidden, individual or structured, aggressive. Renault is French Automobile co. and Nissan is japans co. Both of company environment and culture is very different so employees had culture environment problems in starting of analyse. Because employees were not adapting a proper way new environmental culture they were also facing leadership change problems; they were not accepted in proper way new leadership starting of alliances. (NAKAE, 2002) Changes during Merger Principle and structure of Renault Nissan Alliance March 27, 1999, the Renault-Nissan Signed Alliance is a new partnership of two global companies joint for performance and linked by cross-shareholdings. It is based on two founding principle. All potential synergies developed by together the strengths of Renault Nissan through a approach to make Win-Win results Every company freedom and respecting their own corporate and brand identities Alliance develops and applies a planning of gainful growth and set itself the following objectives Customers recognized as being among the top three automotive groups in the class and value of its products and services in every region. Make a total operating profit among the top three automotive groups in the world, by maintaining a high operating profit margin and pursuing growth. (Carlos, 1999) Structure of Alliance Renault holds 44.3% equity share in Nissan, Nissan owns 15% of equity shares Renault. Both organizations have a straight attention in the results of our partner. Renault-Nissan has common strategic management structure of the Renault-Nissan group was founded on March 28, 2002. Incorporated under Dutch law, Renault-Nissan is similar own by Renault and Nissan. Registered office of Renault Nissan Alliance is situated Paris and Tokyo alliance board meets regularly. (Carlos, 2002) http://www.nissan-global.com/EN/COMPANY/PROFILE/ALLIANCE/RENAULT03/IMAGES/idx_ill_flow01.gif Picture.- Structure of alliance (Carlos, 2002) Cross-cultural management Renault-Nissan Alliance makes a great experience in multi-cultural management at all stages. Renault Nissan employs work together every year management make 30 team. Team member is both of company employers they are selected different region. Contribute our knowledge and generate new things. They are help in companys growth. Thousands of people work together and share our idea that is very great and best cross cultural management (Carlos, 2002) Effects After change Alliances Combined Sales After alliances Nissan Renault share our market Nissan is share our North American market and Renault is share our European market. Both have very great market opportunity. 1999 combined vehicles sales 4,882,235. Combined vehicles sales are improved year by year in 2007 and 2008 sales around 6,160,046 and 6,090,304. Nissan Group sales are 3,708,074 units Renault Group sales are 2,382,230 units. Renault-Nissan Alliance global market share 9.4% (Carlos, 2008) Research and development Both are companies sharing our technology in common platforms. They are using common parts and tools to developing technology and new entrepreneur. This alliance makes very good economic scale and reduces production cost (Carlos, 2009) Exchanges of power trains and common power trains To capitalize on the power train of Renault Nissan developed common diesel engines technology and gear box, including a six-speed manual gear box and a new 6 cylinder diesel engine. Both of company exchanges engines or gearboxes for example, the Nissan 2.5 litre gasoline engine for Renault Logan and Renault 1.8-liter diesel engine for Nissan. (Carlos, 2009) Explanation of the portfolio of advanced technology Renault Nissan is sporting on arranging field of research and modern technology. Renault and Nissan used common technology arrangement depend on four usual pillars: Safety, Environment-CO2, Life-on-Board and Dynamic Performance. (Carlos, 2009) MANUFACTURING Renault plant use standard technology for production Nissan use Renault plant for production from implemented. It improves 15% of Renaults production. They are developed common procedure plant by using the best affect for corporation. Alliance incorporated developed System (AIMS), which will originally be used at green field sites in India) and Morocco. (Carlos, 2009) Cross production Inside the Alliance, every company has the chance to use the manufacturing capacity of its partner. Today, Renaults plants manufacture Nissan vehicles in Korea and Brazil, while Nissan assembles Renault vehicles in South Africa, Mexico and Spain. Nissan Renault uses our partner plant for production. (Carlos, 2009) Conclusion Both of company people with different functional specialties or multidisciplinary skills, responsible for carrying out all phrases of a program or project from start to finish. Nissan have very good cross functional team. They work in different areas and they are doing a fan ominous job in an organization. Therefore the result is much better and accurate and as a result Nissan has a very good reputation and opportunity in the global market company can be transformed without destroying its identities; you should respect the dignities of the employees in the company.

Purchasing Drill Accessories :: Informative Essay

The use of drill accessories are increasing for commercial as well as domestic projects. The reason is that these cordless drill accessories can perform multiple tasks in a short time. Whether you are making a hole in a wall or mixing liquid for painting, it is essential to include drill accessories with other equipment. While purchasing for drill tools, you can get all essential drill parts in form of drill accessory set. This set is considered an essential item for wood and metal applications and also used for other construction tasks. Many experts are of the view that drill accessory works on the base of rotating technology and saves much time and labor cost. It works on the base of rotating terminology that can make a hole or cut the concrete walls. For the accomplishment of multiple tasks, drill bits prove helpful in the space mission and screw driving applications. Electric motor is fitted in this accessory that can make a hole in an object within a few seconds. While working with different applications, you can adjust the speed of the drill that fits to the needs of the task. However, Cordless drill accessories are preferred than others because of their ease of use and built in batter features. In the cordless drill accessories, you will find the battery that can be used in case of electricity supply shortage. The use of this amazing tool has facilitated the workers because they can now complete the task of drilling without much efforts and labor. When you are using drill accessories, you must adopt some essential security measures. It will save you from any type of serious injury. When you plan for cordless drill accessories shopping, you will find different types of drill tools in the market. Here, I am giving you an overvi ew of some functional drill accessories so that you can buy the right drilling driver for your task. Compact drill The purchase of a compact drill will prove cost effective for you because it can be used for drilling and screw driving application at the same time. It is available with integrated keyless chuck and some adjustment tools. In addition, industrial metal and gears are used in its manufacturing that increases its durability. It works similar to cordless drill accessories and easy to use for all drilling applications. Rotary mixer drill Rotary mixer drill is another latest tool that is designed for plastering, painting and concrete applications.

Niels Bohr

Niels Bohr is a big person in the history of chemistry. If it wasn’t for him we would not have known as much as we do now about the atom. He came to a conclusion of so many unanswered questions people were left after the discovery of the electron. He also participated in the United State’s biggest project that helped us win World War II. If it wasn’t for Niels Bohr we probably would not have as many things as we do today. He is one, if not, the biggest person in the history of Chemistry. Niels Bohr was born around the time people started to research more about the atom. In his early years J. J. Thomson discovered the electron which would later have a big debate. During Bohr’s college days, he became a pupil of J. J. Thomson. They both began to work on the structure of the atom and trying to figure out how it works. They both started using everyone’s theories and put them together for example; he used Max Planck’s quanta theory, and used what Ernest Rutherford suggested what the atom was like. By putting these together Bohr and Thomson found out that the electrons at a certain distance away from the nucleus which were called energy levels. They also figured out that when electrons absorb energy it goes to higher energy levels moving farther from the nucleus, but when it loses energy it goes down energy levels and gets closer to the nucleus. Even though Bohr’s model isn’t 100% perfect, his model is more accurate then what others came up with. Later on though many others have improved Bohr’s model and made it more accurate. After Bohr completed his atomic model he then won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his model. Bohr got right back to work after he won the Nobel Prize and started to research atomic nuclei and learning more about them and also settled some differences in quantum physics. While he was doing this Bohr went back to his homeland over in Europe during the time World War II started. After Germany was taking over Europe he was able to flee to Sweden and then came to the United States again. In the United States he was invited to help out with the Manhattan Project. Just imagine if Bohr was not able to help out with the Manhattan Project. Where would we be during the World War II, would we have won? All of these questions come back to Bohr, because of his knowledge of an atom and his research of the atomic nuclei we were able to produce an atomic bomb. Bohr had a lot of influence in what our world is like today. If he wasn’t alive we would not have known (or would be decades behind with our researches then where we are today) the atom and how to use it. Bohr also did research on atomic nuclei which got him invited into the Manhattan Project which changed the world as we know it. This project began the nuclear weapon uses throughout the world and also ended World War II and any possible world war in the future. Because of this mostly every country has nuclear weapons and the world can end at any moment from this. Bohr has done a lot and with help from J. J. Thomson, he was able to do the things he did. Without Thomson discovering the electron, Bohr would not need to have discovered the structure of the atom because it was already known. Throughout Bohr’s life he was able to find new things out to help the world out. He might not have done it alone or 100% perfect, but he was able to find out these things and help the world out. Without him there would be no nuclear weapons, and who knows what would have happened at the end of World War II. Because of what Bohr has researched and found, Niels Bohr is one of the greatest people that have ever been involved with chemistry. Works Cited â€Å"Niels Bohr | Biography | Atomicarchive.com.† Atomicarchive.com: Exploring the History, Science, and Consequences of the Atomic Bomb. Web. 30 Nov. 2010. . â€Å"A Science Odyssey: People and Discoveries: Niels Bohr.† PBS: Public Broadcasting Service. Web. 30 Nov. 2010. .

People Who Can Help You on Election Day

People Who Can Help You on Election Day When voters walk into a busy polling place on election day, they see a vast array of people, most of them rushing around, doing lots of different things. Who are these people and what is their function in the election? Besides (hopefully) lots of other voters waiting to vote, youll see: Poll Workers These people are here to help you vote. They check voters in, making sure they are registered to vote and are at the correct polling place. They hand out ballots and show voters where to deposit their ballots after voting. Perhaps most importantly, poll workers can show voters how to use the particular type of voting device being used. If you have any problems using the voting machines or are not sure how to use the machine to complete your ballot, by all means, ask a poll worker. Poll workers either volunteer or are paid a very small stipend. They are not full-time government employees. They are people who are donating their time to help make sure elections are conducted fairly and efficiently. If you run into any problems while voting or waiting to vote, ask a poll worker to help you. If you make a mistake while filling out your ballot, let a poll worker know before you leave the polling place. The poll worker can give you a new ballot. Your old ballot will either be destroyed or placed in a separate ballot box for damaged or incorrectly marked ballots. Election judges At most polling places, there will be one or two election officials or election judges. Some states require one Republican and one Democratic election judge at each polling place. Election judges ensure that the election is conducted fairly. They settle disputes over voter qualification and identification, deal with damaged and incorrectly marked ballots and take care of any other issues involving interpretation and enforcement of election laws. In states that allow Election Day voter registration, election judges also register new voters on Election Day. Election judges officially open and close the polling place and are responsible for the safe and secure delivery of sealed ballot boxes to the vote counting facility after the polls close. As regulated by state laws, election judges are chosen by a board of elections, county official, city or town official, or state official. If an election judge appears to be â€Å"too young to vote† to you, 41 of 50 states allow high school students to serve as election judges or poll workers, even when the students are not yet old enough to vote. Laws in these states typically require that students selected as election judges or poll workers be at least 16 years of age and in good academic standing at their schools.   Other Voters Hopefully, you will see many other voters inside the polling place, waiting their turn to vote. Once inside the polling place, voters may not try to convince others how to vote. In some states, such politicking is prohibited both inside and outside within a certain distance of the doors of the polling place. Exit Poll Takers Especially at lager precincts, exit poll takers, usually representing the media, may ask people leaving the polling place which candidates they voted for. Voters are NOT required to respond to exit poll takers.

Adjectives Synonymous with Best

Adjectives Synonymous with Best Adjectives Synonymous with Best Adjectives Synonymous with Best By Mark Nichol A recent post discussed nouns employed to refer to ultimate achievement. Here, you’ll find details about adjectives that describe something that is the best, highest, or most important. Cardinal is from the Latin term cardinalis, meaning â€Å"essential† or â€Å"principal.† Chief, meaning â€Å"highest in authority† or â€Å"most important†- by way of the Anglo-French word chef, still used in French and English as the title for a professional cook in charge of a kitchen- comes from the Latin word caput, whence capital and captain as well. Foremost, interestingly, is not a compound of fore and most; its derivation is the Old English term fyrmest or formest, meaning (and related to) â€Å"first.† (The -est ending is the same superlative suffix seen in highest, smartest, and so on; see below for a mention of superlative.) Paramount, ultimately derived from the Latin phrase per ad montem (â€Å"to the hill†), means â€Å"superior to all others.† Preeminent, from the Latin adjective praeeminere, meaning â€Å"to be outstanding,† means â€Å"better than others† (eminent, the word without the prefix, means simply â€Å"respected† and â€Å"successful†); the root is also seen in prominent, and all three words are distantly related to mount and mountain. Premier and primary both come from Latin primarius, meaning â€Å"excellent, of the first rank,† which in turn is derived from primus, meaning â€Å"first.† From that word we also get prime, which, among other things, means â€Å"first-rate†; the Italian and Spanish adjective primo is sometimes used in informal English to denote something excellent. Premium, distantly related, means â€Å"high† or â€Å"higher than normal†; it stems from the Latin noun praemium, meaning â€Å"reward,† which is the meaning of the noun form. (The adjectival form, which developed less than a hundred years ago, was originally applied to a better grade of butter.) Superior, meaning â€Å"higher,† comes directly from Latin and stems ultimately from the Latin word super; supreme, from the Latin word supremus, meaning â€Å"highest,† is related. Another related word is superlative, ultimately from superlativus, meaning â€Å"exaggerated† or â€Å"extravagant.† (A superlative is also the ultimate form of an adjective, such as largest, the superlative of large; larger is the intermediate comparative form.) Best is itself a superlative; its comparative is better, but oddly, they are intensifications not of a word beginning with be- but of good (to make up for the lack of gooder and goodest as options); the base adjective was originally bot, which survives only in the form of boot in the idiomatic phrase â€Å"to boot,† which roughly means â€Å"in addition.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Using "a" and "an" Before WordsAmong vs. AmongstEducational vs. Educative

Jurisdiction Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Jurisdiction - Assignment Example Moreover, Physician-assisted suicide is essentially contradictory with the medical doctor’s role as healer, would be hard or impossible to manage, and would pose serious risk to the entire society. Instead of taking part in assisted suicide, medical doctors should aggressively respond to the immediate needs of patients. Additionally, Patients should not be deserted once it is established that treatment of the illness is impossible. Patients who feel that death is preferable to life should continue to receive sufficient pain control, emotional support, good communication, comfort care and respect. In this case, Gena failed to exercise high level of care that a rational being would have exercised under the same condition. Therefore, Gena is liable for the damage because she failed to exercise reasonable care to prevent the damage, her own action resulted to damage and that there is a proximate cause of the damage—she kicked the ball which broke the window. I must prove that Gena owed a  duty of care, that Gena  breached or  neglected that duty, that the tortfeasor  caused  the damage (but for Gena’s actions, I would not have suffered the damage), that I suffered the loss as a result of that breach and finally, that there was  proximate cause  to prove the breach resulted to damage. The term assault can be defined as an intentional placing of another person in apprehension of imminent offensive contact with the clear ability to perform it. In this case, it is clear that Gena’s act was intended to cause apprehension of offensive contact and also her act indeed caused it. Therefore, Gena committed the tort of assault and so she is liable for it. This is kind of divorce is categorized under Ex parte divorce which occurs only when one spouse take part in court proceedings. The court can only grant this kind of divorce only and if the

Explain similarities and differences in the organizational cultures of Term Paper

Explain similarities and differences in the organizational cultures of any two of the organizations listed below - Term Paper Example An organizational culture also consists of specific customs and traditions that have been passed on through the employees. Many companies encourage the use of historical stories and events to relate the company’s strong culture and how its people are its biggest asset. Slogans, taglines and symbols can also be categorized as part of the organizational culture; many employees will draw motivational forces from these objects and improve their productivity. IBM and Toshiba are two of the well-known computer manufacturers who have their own organizational culture present in their company. Each of them has specific strengths and weaknesses which they have overcome through the efforts of their employees. Although many people believe that since they are competitive companies, their cultures and norms will be more of less the same, however this is not the case. For simplicity, we have carried out a research of the companies based on their head-office culture which gives the most accur ate description of the type of culture the original creators wanted. With the advent of globalization, this activity has become increasingly difficult, however some aspects are more clearly visible then others. What we have seen is that there are both similarities and differences in the cultures and both have their impact on the workings of the company, and while some have positive effects, others may prove to be disastrous. Introduction An organization is always affected by the culture it has. Culture can be defined as beliefs, behavior, language, and way of life for a particular group of people or a certain time. The importance of having a uniform culture throughout the company cannot be emphasized enough. In 1992, John Kotter and James Heskett published Corporate Culture and Performance, a landmark study of more than 200 US companies. They concluded that over time, organizations that managed their staff well saw their share prices increase more than 10 times higher than organizat ions that did not. In this article, we will be discussing the organization cultures of two large multinational companies which deal with the manufacture and distribution of laptops, computers, servers and other computer hardware devices. The companies are IBM and Toshiba. About the Companies IBM’s roots can be traced back to the year 1911 and has ever since been dominant in the IT business. While they remained competitive in some product categories, they failed in others. However, they remained true to their culture and this is the reason why they have remained a prominent player in the industry for so many years (Lesser & Prusak, 2004). Toshiba on the other hand, was started in the year 1939. Toshiba has always remained a competitive firm in the computer industry; however it has never missed out on opportunities in the electronics industry. Throughout its history, the group responsible for Toshiba expanded strongly, both by internal growth and by acquisitions, buying heavy e ngineering and primary industry firms in the 1940s and 1950s and then spinning off subsidiaries in the 1970s and beyond. They maintained its integrity and its strong culture. Some have attributed this strong culture as the backbone of its success. Some experts however say that it will be this culture that may lead to its eventual downfall; this argument is debatable and is out of the scope of this paper. What we must understand is that for a comparative analysis we must set a few parameters. For our purposes we will be discus